Preheat your oven to 350°F (175°C).
In a large skillet over medium heat, brown the ground beef, chopped onion, and minced garlic until the beef is no longer pink, about 5-7 minutes. Drain excess fat if necessary.
Stir in the mixed vegetables, cream of mushroom soup, and beef broth. Mix well until combined. Season with salt and pepper to taste.
Add the uncooked egg noodles to the skillet and stir to evenly distribute everything.
Pour the mixture into a greased 9x13-inch baking dish, spreading it evenly across the dish.
Cover the dish with aluminum foil (optional) and bake in the preheated oven for 30 minutes.
After 30 minutes, remove the foil, sprinkle shredded cheddar cheese on top, and bake uncovered for an additional 15 minutes, or until the cheese is melted and bubbly.
Remove from the oven and let it cool for a few minutes before serving.